What a career in HR Analytics looks like: Definition, Process, Metrics

For those of you who had thought Human Resource (HR) activities confines only to hiring, extending offer letters, etc. then you are wrong. There are various functions associated with an HR job role and today we will be discussing the topic ‘HR Analytics’. By going through this article here, you will get a proper understanding of the process followed in HR Analytics, how it is beneficial for the organization, and also the challenges faced during implementation.

Also, if you are interested in starting a career in the human resource domain, do check the Executive PG Program in Management that offers human resources as one of the specializations.

What is HR Analytics?
HR Analytics refers to interpreting the data to make business decisions that improve the business performance, hiring, and retention rates. It is a more data-driven approach towards management that revolves around gathering and analyzing data. The analysis is then leveraged to check the impact of HR management and metrics on the organization and the overall business performance.

What impact does HR Analytics have on an organization?
HR Analytics helps in providing valuable insights as to how human resource contributes to the organization’s growth that including:

• Minimizing expenses
• Generating revenue
• Executing strategic plans
• Mitigating risks

Why is HR Analytics required?
Organizations own enormous amounts of raw data that do not provide any value in their form but do have immense potential if utilized the right way. The data, if organized, can be used for comparison and analysis to provide insights to the organization. And this is what HR analytics is all about.

Some of the processed data can be used to figure out the following:

1. The employee turnover and its pattern
2. Expected time to fill a vacancy
3. Employee productivity
4. Impact of learning and development on employees
5. The data-backed evidence obtained from this activity helps organizations plan on future initiatives and necessary improvements.

How does HR analytics work?
The process of HR analytics is made up of 4 primary tasks that are performed one after the other.

Step 1: Data Collection
Collecting and grouping high-quality data is the first and the most vital component of HR Analytics.

Type of Data collected for HR Analytics process:
There are two kinds of data required for the process.

Step 2: Monitoring the data and comparing with past performance
At this stage, there is a continuous assessment and comparison of the data obtained. This is the stage where the HR metrics are calculated.

If you don’t know about HR metrics, here is a small outline for you.

HR Metrics is nothing but the statistics that helps an organization to measure and track their human capital. It is also used to measure the effectiveness of their human resource initiatives. The key HR metrics taken into account for the HR Analytics process are tabulated below.

Step 3: Analysis
The metrics thus obtained from the previous steps can now be used to identify the organizational impact brought about by the work of human resources.

The analytical methods that are commonly used in this process are:

Prescriptive analysis: Predicts future consequences for forecasted outcomes
Predictive analysis: Analyze historical data to forecast future opportunities/ risks
Descriptive analysis: Understanding historical data to identify areas for improvement

Step 4: Utilize the obtained data to bring in remedial measures
Once the HR metrics are analyzed, the analysis is used to make important decisions for the organization’s progress. These actionable insights can be leveraged to make valuable improvements in the HR metrics.

Let me lay out a few examples for easy reference.

Cost Per Hire: This metric usually shows how much it costs to hire new employees. Based on the analysis, if this metric crosses the standard fixed cost per hire, the organization might have to closely audit the process and assess where the extra money is being spent.
Turnover: This metric indicates the rate at which employees leave the company. If it exceeds the standard values, the organization needs to pay more attention to where they are struggling with employee retention and steps to counteract this situation.
Time to Hire: Time to Hire measures the number of days between when a candidate has applied for the job and when they are accepting it. If this rate dwindles, the organization can take a closer look at the recruiting efficiency and interview experience of the candidates and improve them.

I hope these examples have given you a clear understanding of how HR Analytics can be useful for an organization. While this process sounds very promising, it has its challenges too.

Latest Trends in HR Analytics
With technology progressing at an unprecedented phase, even the human resource process is undergoing a transition to Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning technologies. Let us take a look at the latest trends in human resource analytics.

• Automated recruiting
• Use of Chatbots
• Predictive Reporting
• AI-Enabled New Hire Selection

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